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Commission on Economy and Efficiency
The Commission on Economy and Efficiency was a presidential commission appointed by President William Howard Taft between 1910 and 1913 to look at and propose reforms for the United States federal government, particularly the presidential budget. It is also known in government reorganization and reform scholarship as the Taft Commission,〔Mansfield, H.C., 1970. Reorganizing the Federal Executive Branch: The Limits of Institutionalization. Law and Contemporary Problems 35:461-495〕 however, this is a bit of a misnomer as the Taft Commission originally referred to the Philippine Commission of which Taft was the chairman. The Commission on Economy and Efficiency is most notable for proposing the first budget for the federal government but also is notable for creating the procedure for the President to establish a commission to study administrative reform.
==Founding and Purpose==
The Commission, like the Keep Commission, was established to study and propose more efficient methods of organization and reform. Its primary purpose was the study of a budget for the national government but its other purposes included looking at department or agency jurisdiction, personnel practices, accounting and finance procedures, and business practices.〔Mansfield, H.C., 1970. Reorganizing the Federal Executive Branch: The Limits of Institutionalization. Law and Contemporary Problems 35:461-495.〕
Taft learned from Roosevelt's efforts with the Keep Commission, which had its reforms largely ignored by Congress, to involve Congress up front to have its reforms embraced. He therefore received approval from Congress prior to forming the commission and received a series of appropriations to fund the Commissions work.〔Weber, G.A. 1919. Organized efforts for the improvement of methods of administration in the United States: D. Appleton.〕
The Commission was headed by legendary member of the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, Frederick Cleveland, who was already famous by this time for creating one of the first municipal budgets for New York City. New York City was the largest government in the United States by expenditures at the time.〔Kahn, J. 1997. Budgeting democracy: State building and citizenship in America, 1890-1928: Cornell University Press.〕 The other members of the commission were William Willoughby, Judge Walter Warwick, Frank Goodnow, and Harvey Chase. The Congressional legislation also provided for a Board of Referees and a Board of Experts.〔Weber, G.A. 1919. Organized efforts for the improvement of methods of administration in the United States: D. Appleton.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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